Aldana’s research appears in his new book, “Tying Headbands or Venus Appearing: New Translations of k’al, the Dresden Codex Venus Pages and Classic Period Royal ‘Binding’ Rituals” (Archaeopress, 2011).
According to Aldana, at the end of the 19th century, the German philologist Ernst Förstemann discovered the basis of the modern interpretation of a Venus table in the 13th-century Maya manuscript known as the Dresden Codex. The six-page Venus table is an almanac dedicated to tracking the observable phases of the planet Venus. Förstemann’s interpretation laid the groundwork for academic and popular 20th-century characterizations of the Maya as “obsessed” with astronomy and time. While scholars have added to his interpretation over the next 100 years, all have followed the basic model resulting from his work.
In his new book, Aldana shows that “k’al,” the main verb referring to Venus events in the Dresden Codex, has been misread. He argues that the verb refers to an “enclosing” of time and space, such as that found throughout the Postclassic Mesoamerican ritual activity. “The key to my argument is that previously recognized records are pictorial, graphically representing the ‘cosmogram’ that ties space and time together,” Aldana said. “But I show that the Dresden Codex Venus Table records the same concept in hieroglyphic text – the idea is the same in both cases, but represented by an image in the Aztec convention, and by hieroglyphic text according to Mayan sensibilities.”